She seldom comes to visit us, does she?
He hardly knew it, did he?
在回答反义疑问句时,通常用'yes'或者'no'加上主语和助动词或者情态动词。这里的回答是对前面已陈述内容的肯定或者否定,一定要注意避免受汉语思维的影响。
例句1:You do not get the main idea of this article, do you?你没有了解这篇文章的大意,对吗?
Yes, I do. 不,我理解了。
No, I don't. 是的,我没有理解。
英语反义疑问句的特殊情况
学习反义疑问句时,除了掌握一般的规则,还要了解一些特殊的情况。这些特殊情况可能是主语比较特殊也有可能是谓语比较特殊,从而导致附加疑问句的特殊变化。
(1) 当陈述部分主语是'this'或者'that'时,附加疑问部分的主语通常用'it';当陈述部分主语是'these'或者'those'时,附加疑问部分的主语通常用'they'。
例句1:This is a boat, isn't it?这是一艘船,不是吗?
例句2:Those are flowers, aren't they? 那些是花,不是吗?
(2) 当陈述部分主语是'nobody''no one''somebody''someone'等不定代词时,附加疑问部分的'主语通常用'they(强调全体)'或者'he(强调个体)';当陈述部分的主语是'something''nothing''everything'等不定代词时,附加疑问部分的主语通常用'it'。
例句1:Someone is waiting for you in the garden, isn't he? 有人在公园等你,不是吗?
例句2:No one knows where he comes from, do they? 没人知道他从哪来,是吗?
例句3:Everything seems different today, doesn't it? 今天似乎所有事情都不同了,不是吗?
(3) 当陈述部分主语是非谓语动词或名词性从句时,附加疑问部分的主语通常用'it'。
例句1:Taking care of our environment is of great significance, isn't it?
保护好我们的环境意义重大。
例句2:To protect the security of personal property is our unshirkable responsibility, isn't it?
保护私人财产安全是我们不可推卸的责任,不是吗?
例句3:What we saw was not what really happened, was it?
我们看到的不是真正发生的事情,对吗?
(4) 陈述部分是以'there be'开头的句子,附加疑问部分仍然用'there'。
例句1:There is a bird in the tree, isn't there? 树上有一只鸟,不是吗?
(5) 当陈述部分是I'm结构的句子是,附加疑问部分用'aren't I'。
例句1:I'm late, aren't I? 我没迟到吧?
(6) 在祈使句中通常情况下都是用'will you',但是在'Let's'开头的祈使句中,附加疑问部分要用'shall we',而'Let us'开头的祈使句中,疑问部分也是用'will you'。
例句1:Pass me the salt, will you? 把盐递给我好吗?
例句2:Let's go for an outing, shall we? 我们去郊游好吗?
(7) 当陈述句中的谓语动词是'must+动词原形'时,根据must在句中的意义可分为三种情况。(请参考前期讲义'must的反义疑问句')
例句1:You must be Tom, aren't you? 你肯定是汤姆,不是吗?
例句2:You mustn't sit here, will/may you? 请不要坐在这,可以吗?
例句3:You must go now, needn't you? 你必须得走了,不是吗?
(8) 当陈述部分为主从复合句,主句的谓语动词是'believe''suppose''expect''think'等,且主语是'I'或者'we'时,附加疑问部分的人称,时态以及否定关系应该与宾语从句保持一致(此时一定要注意否定转移情况)。
例句1:I believe that he can get good mark in this monthly examination, can't he?
我相信他在这次月考中能取得好成绩,不是吗?
例句2:I don't think that they are excellent, are they?
我觉得他们不优秀,不是吗?
(9) 当陈述部分出现否定词或者具有否定意义的词,如:little, hardly, seldom, never, no, not, neither等时,附加疑问部分要用肯定。
例句1:You never focus your mind on your job, do you?
你从来都不把注意力放在工作上,对吗?
例句2:He could hardly understand what you said, could he?
他几乎听不懂你说的话,对吗?
Do it at once, will you?
但如表示邀请,劝告,反意问句用 “won't you”
Have a cup of tea, won't you?
I don't think that he is an honest man, is he?
He is a student, isn't he?
He isn't a student, is he?
(1) “have to, had better, used to”要用下列方式反问:
He has to finish the work, doesn't he?
They used to smoke, didn't / usedn't they?
You'd better get up immediately, hadn't you?
(2) “has, have”作为助动词和实意动词,反问形式不同。
We have done all the work, haven't we?
You have some time, don't you?
Don't open the window, will you?